Investigação da biocompatibilidade de polímeros de albumina magnéticos em camundongos

Abstract

Nanotechnology is an area related to the research and development of materials that present at least one of its dimensions in nanometric scale. Among the nanostructured materials, the magnetic nanoparticles represent an interesting use in biomedical applications, in both diagnosis and treatment of several diseases. The aim of the present research was to study the biocompatibility of magnetic albumin polymers (PAMs) intraperitoneally injected in Swiss female mice. PAM was developed from maghemite nanoparticles contained in an ionic magnetic fluid sample encapsulated in albumin polymers. Cytometry analysis, viability test of peritoneal leukocytes, and histological analysis of liver, lungs, and spleen were done 30 minutes; 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours; and 7, 15 and 30 days after the administration of lyophilized PAMs dilluted in bovine serum albumin (BSA). Evaluation of PAMs genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in bone marrow erythrocytes, was done 24 hours after the sample application. It was verified that PAMs cause alterations in some leukocyte populations and affect the viability of peritoneal cells; however these changes are light and temporary. More over, the studied sample does not present any genotoxicity or cytotoxicity effects in bone marrow erythrocytes. It was not possible to visualize by light microscopy analysis the presence of nanoparticle clusters in the investigated organs, except in the lungs of one animal analysed 24 hours after the sample application. It was not verified any histological alteration in the liver and spleen, but all animals lungs presented alveolar septs thickening and inflammatory infiltration, although these effects have been also found in control animals treated with the dilution solution BSA. The data suggest that in the used experimental conditions, the sample PAM can be considered as a biocompatible one, with significant potential for biomedical applications.