Subsistemas de alta estabilidade paradigmática: teoria e análise da política de ciência, tecnologia e inovação do Brasil

Abstract

The Brazilian state over the last 30 years of democracy regime has supported a considerable effort to finance scientific and technological development programs and policies without, however, can reap the desired result to consolidate a consistent and diverse industrial base for the national scientific activity. Although the reasons for the repeated and known failure do not have a singular dimension, we consider in this thesis that the constant and high political support guaranteed to social sectors that star in the decision-making arena of Brazilian S&T has great importance for the maintenance of diagnostics, attitudes, culture and beliefs shared by actors and institutions of Brazilian S&T policy. In this work, we present a theoretical model able to explain dynamics of policy subsystems whose main emergent property is the high paradigmatic stability of the outcomes. This theoretical approach was checked by mean an extensive empirical analysis of Brazil´s science and technology (S&T) policies. The main research hypothesis considers Brazil´s S&T policy subsystem as highly capable for hold the paradigmatic features of its outcomes. Empirical research was focused to describe the political, institutional and cognitive trajectory of the S&T policy venue and to analyze critical conjuncture, systemic responses and political strategies as those related to appointment to positions in the federal S&T bureaucratic political elite. Theoretical approach was proposed starting from original David Easton theories. He got closer political analysis to general systems theory in the 1950s. The empirical methodologies employed beheld documental analysis, primary data analysis, secondary data analysis from historiographic works and personal accounts, quantitative analysis by mean indicators and new analytical methods described in the text.