Diagnóstico e proposta de modelo de gestão dos resíduos eletroeletrônicos gerados nos ministérios do governo brasileiro

Abstract

The technological advances and the crescent industrialization process have been progressively interfering in the dynamics of nature and modifying it. These advances, mainly since the beginning of the 18th century, pushed by the capitalism, have definitely put the human societies interests at one side and the nature conservancy at the other. A long time has passed until the mankind started to realize that the development would bring besides comfort and practicality, the predatory impacts on nature. In this scenario, the electronics evolution, even being considered as a “clean” development, also contributed with harmful elements to the environment. Considering that, some known electronic waste management models were analyzed in order to subsidize a model proposition for the Brazilian ministries. The general objective is to conduct the diagnosis of the electronic waste generated in the ministries structures, located in Brasíla – Federal District and to propose a management model. The specific objectives are to identify the type of existent residue and to select the one that will be the object of this research – computers and their components. Afterwards the equipments lifespan and their destination as waste will also be analyzed. The diagnosis, carried on 22 ministries, pointed out a total of 36,176 operational computers and an annual disposal of 30% of them, resulting in a total substitution every 3 years, approximately, with a consequent donation, only destination allowed by the Law. The developed management model proposes, among others, the following actions: training for the participant professionals in the process; orientation to the beneficiary institutions related to the final destination of the received equipments, after use; recycling by the use of plasma technology, and the creation of an investment fund in R&D.